Tarsal Coalition Correction

What Is Tarsal Coalition?

A tarsal coalition is an abnormal connection of two or more bones in the foot, joined by a bridge of bone, cartilage, or fibrous tissue. The bridge may cover a small or larger portion of the joint space, limiting normal movement. Approximately 1 in 100 people may have this condition, often affecting both feet.

This condition stems from a genetic mutation affecting tarsal bone development and develops before birth. Symptoms often first appear during school age or adolescence. Common locations include the calcaneus-navicular bones or talus-calcaneus bones.

Diagnosis

X-rays or CT scans confirm the malformation before treatment planning. Many coalitions remain asymptomatic throughout life and require no treatment.

Symptoms (When Present)

• Stiff and painful feet below the ankle
• Discomfort in the middle or back of the foot
• Difficulty walking on uneven surfaces
• Recurrent ankle sprains
• Symptoms typically worsening during adolescent growth spurts

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical

• Rest from high-impact activities
• Custom orthotic arch supports
• Steroid injections for inflammation
• Immobilization with a boot or cast

Surgical

Two primary surgical approaches depending on the type and severity:

• Resection: Removing the abnormal bridge to restore normal joint motion — preferred for suitable candidates, faster recovery
• Fusion: Joining the joint when resection isn't appropriate — involves longer recovery and weight-bearing restrictions

Post-surgical physical therapy is recommended to enhance recovery and restore range of motion.